红细胞生成刺激剂（erythropoiesis⁃stimulating agents，ESAs）是临床上治疗肾性贫血的常用药物，目前可供临床医师选择的有短效ESAs和长效ESAs。短效ESAs在我国已广泛使用，历史悠久，国内外有众多指南共识。长效ESAs具有半衰期长、输注频次低、患者治疗依从性好等优势，近年来临床研究取得重要进展，但是尚缺乏长效ESAs临床规范使用的指导意见。为此，中国非公立医院协会肾病透析专业委员会组织相关专家制定了《长效红细胞生成刺激剂治疗肾性贫血中国专家共识》，本共识主要介绍了长效ESAs的分类、作用机制与药效学特点，在肾性贫血治疗中应用的适应证、时机、方案，特殊人群应用，不良反应及处理等，以指导长效ESAs类药物在肾性贫血治疗中的规范化使用。

Erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESAs) are commonly used drugs in the treatment of renal anemia. There are currently two types of ESAs available to clinicians, including short-acting ESAs and long-acting ESAs. Short-acting ESAs have been used for decades in China, which are being widely accepted nowadays. Several professional societies have published consensus guidelines for the use and interpretation of short-acting ESAs worldwide in recent years. The advantages of long-acting ESAs include long half-life, low infusion frequency, good patient compliance, etc. There is still a lack of guidance on the clinical use of long-acting ESAs although important progress of long-acting ESAs has been made in clinical trials in recent years. Thus, the Society of Nephrology & Dialysis of China Non-Government Medical Institutions Association organized relevant experts to jointly formulate the "Chinese Expert Consensus on Long-acting ESAs in the Treatment of Renal Anemia". This consensus mainly introduces the classification, mechanism of action and pharmacological characteristics of long-acting ESAs, their indications, timing, administration protocols, application in special populations, adverse reactions and management in renal anemia. It is the hope of this concensus will guide the clinical use of long-acting ESAs in the treatment of renal anemia.

中国非公立医院协会肾病透析专业委员会共识专家组. 长效红细胞生成刺激剂治疗肾性贫血中国专家共识（2024年版）[J]. 中华肾脏病杂志, 2024, 40(2): 146-157. DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn441217-20231025-01037.